Florida imported Brazilian pepper from South America in the late 1800s to beautify gardens, but birds feasted on its bright red berries and spread it until dense forests smothered native wetlands and woodlands

Once an ornamental plant, the Brazilian pepper tree now dominates Florida’s natural areas. This invasive species arrived from South America and spread rapidly across the state. Birds and small mammals aided its dispersal, while humans contributed to its long-range spread. Dense thickets block sunlight and displace native plant species, impacting local ecosystems. Controlling this aggressive plant remains a significant ecological challenge for Florida.